What are the basic data types in TypeScript?

TypeScript adds static typing on top of JavaScript, categorizing data types into primitives, composite structures, and special utility types:

### 1. Primitives:

• boolean: true or false.
• number: 64-bit floats (42, 3.14) and binary/hex values.
• string: Textual strings ('hello').
• bigint: Large integers (100n).
• symbol: Unique identifier primitives.

### 2. Complex & Structural Types:

• array: Homogeneous lists typed as number[] or Array<string>.
• tuple: Fixed-length arrays where each element has a known type: [string, number] (e.g. ['Alice', 25]).
• enum: Named constants (enum Direction { Up, Down, Left, Right }).
• object: Non-primitive types (Record<string, any> or explicit interfaces).

### 3. Special Utility Types:

• any: Disables type checking completely (avoid in strict codebases).
• unknown: Type-safe counterpart of any; requires type narrowing before usage.
• void: Indicates functions that return no value.
• never: Represents values that never occur (e.g. functions that always throw or infinite loops).
• null & undefined: Represent absence of value, strictly checked when strictNullChecks: true.