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How to use CSS modules in Vue.js?

Peer-reviewed by HireXTech Technical Panel Updated for 2025/2026 hiring Editorial standards
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Interviewer Expectations for this Question
01
Core Competency

Assesses fundamental understanding of Vue.js conventions, runtime behavior, and memory/performance considerations.

02
Evaluation Criteria

Hiring managers look for precision, avoidance of ambiguous jargon, and ability to explain trade-offs under real production conditions.

Comprehensive Model Answer Verified Solution

Below are the steps to use css modules in VueJS,

  1. Enable CSS modules: CSS Modules must be enabled by passing modules: true option to css-loader
   // webpack.config.js
   {
     module: {
       rules: [
         // ... other rules omitted
         {
           test: /\.css$/,
           use: [
             'vue-style-loader',
             {
               loader: 'css-loader',
               options: {
                 // enable CSS Modules
                 modules: true,
                 // customize generated class names
                 localIdentName: '[local]_[hash:base64:8]'
               }
             }
           ]
         }
       ]
     }
   }
   
  1. Add module attribute: Add the module attribute to your <style>
   <style module>
   .customStyle {
     background: blue;
   }
   </style>
   
  1. Inject CSS modules: You can inject CSS modules object with computed property $style
   <template>
     <div :class="$style.blue">
       Background color should be in blue
     </p>
   </template>
   

It can work with object/array syntax of :class binding.

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  2. Demonstrate real-world trade-offs: Discuss where this approach excels and when you would avoid it in production systems.
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