Q131. How can you implement simple rate limiting for API routes?
For basic protection you can use an in-memory store (suitable for single-instance apps) or a shared store (Redis) for multiple instances. Example memory-based limiter usi...
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Q132. What is the purpose of Vue.js compiler?
The compiler is is responsible for compiling template strings into JavaScript render functions. For example, the below code snippet shows the difference of templates whic...
Q133. What are the properties of CSS 3D transform?
The properties of CSS 3D Transforms are: 1. transform-style: determines whether an element's children are transformed in 3D space 2. perspective: determines the distance ...
Q134. Default isolation level in MySQL?
**REPEATABLE READ** (InnoDB engine). Prevents dirty reads and non-repeatable reads, but phantom reads are possible (though InnoDB uses MVCC + gap locking to mostly preven...
Q135. What is color contrast?
**Color contrast** measures the difference in perceived luminance between foreground text/elements and their underlying background. ### Web Content Accessibility Guidelin...
Q136. How does color contrast applies to accessibility in web design?
It is important because people with visual impairments or color blindness may have trouble seeing things if there is not enough contrast. There are guidelines for making ...
Q137. Process of finding a good query execution strategy?
**Query optimization**. The database's query optimizer generates multiple execution plans and picks the cheapest one based on statistics, indexes, and cost models. You ca...
Q138. How do you handle middleware in Next.js with the Pages Router?
By creating a custom server or using API routes to implement middleware logic. ```js // pages/api/middleware.js export default function middleware(req, res, next) { // Cu...
Q139. How do you optimize responsive images for faster loading in CSS?
To optimize responsive images for faster loading in CSS, you can use smaller file formats like JPEG and PNG, reduce the image size and resolution, and use lazy loading to...
Q140. How do you handle middleware in Next.js?
**Middleware** in Next.js enables you to run code on incoming requests before they are completed, ideal for authentication, bot detection, A/B testing, and URL rewrites: ...