Q31. Round up to the nearest integer?
To round a numeric value up to the next nearest integer, use the **`CEIL()`** (or **`CEILING()`**) function: ```sql SELECT CEIL(25.01); -- Returns 26 SELECT CEIL(25.00); ...
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Q32. Current date in MySQL without time?
In MySQL, you retrieve the current date (year, month, day) without the time component using **`CURDATE()`** or **`CURRENT_DATE`**: ```sql SELECT CURDATE(); -- Example: '2...
Q33. Keyword to retrieve maximum value?
The keyword and aggregate function used to retrieve the maximum value of a column is **`MAX()`**: ```sql SELECT MAX(salary) AS highest_salary FROM employees; ``` ### With...
Q34. Function to count results?
`COUNT()`. `COUNT(*)` counts rows. `COUNT(column)` counts non-NULL values. ```sql SELECT COUNT(*) FROM orders; -- Total orders SELECT COUNT(shipped_date) FROM orders; -- ...
Q35. Which are aggregate functions?
**Aggregate functions** perform a computation on a set of values across multiple rows and return a single summarizing value: ### Core Standard Aggregate Functions: 1. **`...
Q36. Return number of records in Customers?
To return the total count of rows in the `Customers` table, use **`COUNT(*)`**: ```sql SELECT COUNT(*) AS total_customers FROM Customers; ``` ### `COUNT(*)` vs `COUNT(col...
Q37. Sorting direction keywords?
In the SQL `ORDER BY` clause, sorting direction is controlled by two keywords: 1. **`ASC` (Ascending)**: Sorts from lowest to highest (1 to 9, A to Z, oldest date to newe...
Q38. Default sort order if not specified?
If no direction keyword is specified in an `ORDER BY` clause, the default sort order is **`ASC` (Ascending)**: ```sql -- These two queries produce identical ordering: SEL...
Q39. Top 3 students by mark?
```sql -- MySQL / PostgreSQL SELECT name, mark FROM Students ORDER BY mark DESC LIMIT 3; -- SQL Server SELECT TOP 3 name, mark FROM Students ORDER BY mark DESC; -- Oracle...
Q40. Sort Customers descending by FirstName?
To sort the `Customers` table in descending alphabetical order (Z to A) by `FirstName`, append `ORDER BY FirstName DESC`: ```sql SELECT * FROM Customers ORDER BY FirstNam...