Q41. How do you estimate work using story points?
Story points estimate relative size, not time. They combine effort, complexity and uncertainty compared with other backlog items. I use planning poker. The team discusses...
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Q42. Walk me through how you run product discovery.
Discovery is how we reduce risk before committing to build. I treat it as continuous, not a phase. I start with the problem and the target customer, and I review existing...
Q43. Tell me about a time you turned a dissatisfied customer into a loyal one.
A customer once received a delayed order that missed a critical deadline and was understandably furious. I called rather than emailed, apologised clearly and took ownersh...
Q44. What is working capital and why does it matter?
Working capital is current assets minus current liabilities. It measures the short term liquidity available to run day to day operations. Current assets include cash, rec...
Q45. What makes a good unit test?
A good unit test is fast, deterministic, isolated and focused on behaviour. Characteristics: - Tests one behaviour, with a clear name such as `rejects_negative_amount`, s...
Q46. What is encapsulation and why does it matter?
Encapsulation means bundling data with the operations that act on it and restricting direct access to the internals. The class exposes a deliberate public API and keeps f...
Q47. What is a funnel analysis and how do you build one?
A funnel measures how many users progress through an ordered sequence of steps, such as view, add to cart, checkout and purchase. The conversion rate at each step shows w...
Q48. How do you handle class imbalance in a classification problem?
Class imbalance means one class is far rarer, so accuracy becomes misleading and models favor the majority. Strategies: - Resampling: oversample the minority (SMOTE synth...
Q49. What is the difference between a star schema and a snowflake schema?
Both are dimensional models. A star schema has one central fact table surrounded by denormalized dimension tables. Each dimension is a single table, so joins stay simple ...
Q50. Explain key expiry and eviction policies in Redis.
You set a time to live with EXPIRE, SETEX or PEXPIRE. Redis removes expired keys lazily on access and also runs a background sampling cycle that actively deletes expired ...