Q51. Why is audience targeting important in paid media?
Audience targeting decides who sees an ad, and it matters because showing the right message to the wrong people wastes money and damages relevance scores. It works on a f...
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Q52. What is the difference between overloading and overriding?
Overloading and overriding are different mechanisms that are often confused because both involve the same method name. Overloading is compile-time polymorphism: several m...
Q53. How do you prevent a cache stampede or thundering herd?
A stampede happens when a popular key expires and many clients simultaneously hit the database to rebuild it. Several mitigations exist. - Locking or mutex: only the firs...
Q54. How do Angular route guards and lazy loading work together?
The router supports guards that run during navigation: CanActivate, CanActivateChild, CanDeactivate for unsaved forms, CanMatch for feature flags, and Resolve to prefetch...
Q55. How does the Dependency Inversion Principle change a design?
The Dependency Inversion Principle has two parts: high-level policy should not depend on low-level detail, and abstractions should not depend on details; details should d...
Q56. Explain slowly changing dimensions and SCD Type 2.
Dimensions change over time: a customer moves city, a product changes category. A slowly changing dimension strategy decides how history is preserved. - Type 1: overwrite...
Q57. What are pipelining and transactions in Redis?
Pipelining sends many commands in one network round trip without waiting for each reply, dramatically improving throughput for batch workloads since cost is dominated by ...
Q58. Explain two-phase commit and its drawbacks.
Two-phase commit, 2PC, is an atomic commit protocol for transactions spanning multiple databases or resource managers. Phase one, prepare: the coordinator asks every part...
Q59. What is the diamond problem and how do languages solve it?
The diamond problem occurs when a class inherits from two classes that share a common ancestor, so the same base members are inherited along two paths. Ambiguity arises o...
Q60. How do you handle hot keys in a distributed cache?
A hot key is accessed so frequently that a single cache node or partition becomes a bottleneck. Keys are distributed by consistent hashing, but one key always maps to one...