Q71. What are the three main financial statements and how do they connect?
The three statements are the income statement, the balance sheet and the cash flow statement, and they are linked. The income statement shows revenue and expenses over a ...
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Q72. How would you decide whether to invest more in SEO or paid search?
I would not choose on gut feel. I would decide using payback, intent and time horizon. Paid search is fast and controllable but stops the moment spend stops. SEO compound...
Q73. Walk me through how you run a discovery call.
A discovery call is a structured conversation to understand whether there is a real problem worth solving, and to qualify the opportunity. I open with context and permiss...
Q74. What is the difference between unit, integration and end-to-end tests?
Unit tests exercise a single function, class or module in isolation, with dependencies replaced by fakes. They run in milliseconds, pinpoint failures and are cheap to wri...
Q75. What are the main phases of a compiler?
A typical compiler pipeline has a front end, a middle end and a back end. - Lexical analysis: turn characters into tokens. - Syntax analysis: build a parse tree from the ...
Q76. Why use a DBMS instead of storing data in files?
A file system stores bytes in files and directories but knows nothing about their structure. A DBMS adds a layer that understands records, types, relationships and constr...
Q77. What happens when you type a URL into a browser?
The browser parses the URL, then finds the server's IP: it checks its cache, the OS cache, `/etc/hosts`, then asks a resolver, which recurses from the root servers throug...
Q78. What is the difference between user mode and kernel mode?
CPUs have at least two privilege levels. In user mode, code cannot execute privileged instructions or touch hardware or protected memory. In kernel mode, the OS kernel ca...
Q79. What is the difference between an abstract class and an interface?
An interface declares a contract: a set of method signatures with no state that any type can implement. A class can implement many interfaces, which models capability. An...
Q80. How do window functions work and when do you use them?
Window functions compute a value across a set of rows related to the current row without collapsing them, unlike GROUP BY. They preserve row granularity. ```sql SELECT us...