Q1. What is the difference between a Scrum Master and a Product Owner?
The Product Owner and the Scrum Master are different roles with different accountabilities. The Product Owner owns the value of the product. They manage the product backl...
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Q2. What is the test pyramid?
The test pyramid is a guideline for balancing automated tests by level. ```text /\ E2E (few, slow, brittle) / \ /----\ Integration (some) /------\ /--------\ Unit (many, ...
Q3. What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter?
A compiler translates the whole program from source into machine code or an intermediate form before it runs, producing an executable. Errors are reported after the whole...
Q4. What is the difference between a primary key and a foreign key?
A primary key uniquely identifies each row in a table. It must be unique and not null, and a table has at most one. It may be a single column or a composite of several, a...
Q5. What is the difference between TCP and UDP?
TCP and UDP are transport-layer protocols with opposite trade-offs. TCP is connection-oriented. It sets up a connection with a three-way handshake, numbers every segment,...
Q6. What is the difference between a process and a thread?
A process is a running program with its own virtual address space, code, data, heap, open file descriptors and at least one thread. The operating system isolates processe...
Q7. What are the four pillars of object-oriented programming?
Object-oriented programming rests on four pillars: - Encapsulation: keep state private and expose behaviour through methods, so invariants cannot be broken from outside. ...
Q8. Explain the difference between a data lake and a data warehouse.
A data warehouse stores structured, modelled data optimized for analytics and SQL. It uses schema-on-write: data is cleaned and conformed before loading, typically into s...
Q9. What are the Redis data structures and what is each used for?
Redis exposes several core data types, each with tailored commands. - Strings: counters, cached serialized objects and rate limiters using INCR and SETEX. - Hashes: objec...
Q10. How does MongoDB differ from a relational database?
MongoDB is a document database. Data is stored as flexible BSON documents inside collections instead of rows in tables with a fixed schema. Each document can have its own...