Q111. What is the difference between val and var?
`val` declares a read-only reference that cannot be reassigned after initialisation. `var` declares a mutable reference that can be reassigned. ```kotlin val name = "Ada"...
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`val` declares a read-only reference that cannot be reassigned after initialisation. `var` declares a mutable reference that can be reassigned. ```kotlin val name = "Ada"...
`string` is immutable: every operation such as concatenation or `Replace` allocates a new string. `StringBuilder` is a mutable buffer backed by a resizable array, so appe...
The stack is a LIFO region managed automatically: allocation is a pointer bump, extremely fast, and memory is reclaimed when the scope ends. The heap is a large pool mana...
`String` is an owned, growable, heap-allocated UTF-8 string (essentially a `Vec`) that you can mutate and extend. `&str` is a borrowed string slice: a pointer plus a leng...
`new(T)` allocates zeroed memory for a value of type T and returns a pointer `*T`. It works for any type and is rarely used. `make` only works for slices, maps and channe...
The word LEVEL has 5 letters with repeats: L appears 2 times, E appears 2 times, V appears once. Total arrangements = 5! / (2! x 2!) = 120 / 4 = 30. Approach: start with ...
Pick a project where your leadership is measurable. Situation and Task: "Our checkout conversion dropped 12% after a redesign, and no one owned the fix." Action: "I volun...
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Stages: 1. Trigger on push or pull request. 2. Build: compile, install dependencies, produce an immutable artefact (container image) tagged with the commit SHA. 3. Static...
A distributed store can guarantee only two of three during a network partition: Consistency (every read sees the latest write), Availability (every request gets a non-err...
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