Q331. What is the difference between gross margin and net margin?
Gross margin is revenue minus cost of goods sold, divided by revenue. It measures how much is left after the direct costs of delivering what you sell, such as materials, ...
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Q332. How do you measure the ROI of a marketing campaign?
ROI is the incremental profit attributable to a campaign divided by its cost. The hard part is the word incremental. I start by agreeing on the metric that represents val...
Q333. Tell me about a time you lost a deal you expected to win. What did you learn?
One deal I expected to win was a mid-market account where the demo went perfectly and the champion was enthusiastic. I lost it to a competitor who was cheaper, but the re...
Q334. Compare black-box and white-box testing.
Black-box testing treats the system as an opaque component and derives tests from requirements and the interface, without looking at the code. Testers exercise inputs and...
Q335. What is semantic analysis and what is a symbol table?
After parsing, semantic analysis checks that the program is meaningful, not merely grammatically valid. It enforces rules the grammar cannot express. Typical jobs: - Buil...
Q336. What does ACID mean in the context of transactions?
ACID describes the guarantees of a transaction, a unit of work that either completes fully or not at all. - Atomicity: all statements commit or all roll back. Implemented...
Q337. Explain subnetting and CIDR notation.
An IP address is split into a network part and a host part by the subnet mask, which can be written as a CIDR prefix. `/24` means the first 24 bits are the network, leavi...
Q338. What is a deadlock and how do you prevent it?
A deadlock is a set of threads each waiting for a resource held by another, so none can proceed. Four Coffman conditions must all hold: mutual exclusion, hold and wait, n...
Q339. What is polymorphism and what forms does it take?
Polymorphism lets one interface be used by many implementations, so callers depend on a contract rather than a concrete type. Subtype or runtime polymorphism: a base refe...
Q340. What are DAU, MAU and the stickiness ratio?
DAU is daily active users, the number of unique users who perform a meaningful action in a day. MAU is the same over a month. The action must be defined consistently: a l...